What it is and where it comes from
MSG is the sodium salt of glutamic acid, which gives savoury taste. Today it is made by fermentation: bacteria turn sugar cane, sugar beet, corn or cassava starch into glutamate. In 2001 one maker in Indonesia had to recall its MSG because a pork-based enzyme was used in growing the bacteria, which shows why halal certification of the process matters. Certified MSG is widely sold.
Where you find it
Crisps, instant noodles, stock cubes, seasonings, sauces, ready meals and restaurant food.
What to look for on the label
MSG is halal in itself. In countries where it matters, choose MSG with a halal logo.
This is a guide, not a fatwa. Recipes change, so check the label, look for halal certification, and ask your local imam where scholars differ.